What role does water ice play on the Moon and Mars?

Importance of water ice in exploration

Water ice on the Moon and Mars is a critical resource for science and exploration. It informs planetary history and offers practical benefits for future human missions.

Why water ice matters:

  • Scientific record: Ice preserves volatiles and clues about climate and delivery of water to inner planets.
  • Resource potential: Water can support life support systems and be split into oxygen and hydrogen for breathing and fuel.
  • Operational advantage: Access to local water reduces the need to launch supplies from Earth.

Missions and research focus

  • Remote sensing and lander missions map and quantify ice deposits.
  • Technology demonstrations aim to extract and process ice for ISRU.
  • Understanding distribution and accessibility is essential for planning long-term bases.

Harnessing water ice could transform logistics and sustainability for lunar and Martian exploration, enabling longer stays and more ambitious science.