How does NASA protect spacecraft from space debris?

Mitigating orbital debris risks

NASA protects spacecraft through design measures, operational practices, and collaboration on space traffic management. Risk reduction includes shielding, avoidance maneuvers, and end-of-life disposal plans.

Common practices:

  • Whipple shields and structural design to withstand small impacts.
  • Tracking cataloged debris and performing avoidance maneuvers when collision probability rises.
  • Designing satellites with planned deorbit or graveyard orbit procedures.

Policy and coordination

  • NASA collaborates with international and commercial partners to share tracking data and best practices.
  • Standards for debris mitigation guide mission planning and spacecraft disposal.

Active tracking and responsible design help preserve orbital environments and reduce the risk posed by debris to valuable missions.