How mission selection works
NASA selects missions through a competitive, peer-reviewed process shaped by strategic priorities, scientific value, cost, feasibility, and alignment with agency objectives. Proposals come from research teams, universities, industry, and international partners.
Selection steps typically include:
- Announcement of Opportunity or Science Mission Directorate calls.
- Proposal preparation by teams with detailed science goals and budgets.
- Peer review by independent experts evaluating science merit, technical approach, and cost realism.
- Programmatic review considering portfolio balance and strategic goals.
- Final approval by NASA leadership and, for big missions, review by advisory committees and Congress.
Factors that matter most
- Scientific or societal impact: Will the mission answer high-priority questions?
- Technical readiness: Are the technologies mature enough?
- Cost and schedule realism: Is the budget feasible?
- Risk management: Are risks understood and mitigated?
- Program balance: Does the mission complement other efforts?
This transparent, competitive process helps ensure taxpayer investments push scientific knowledge, technological innovation, and national capabilities in space.